Mi is az a kellesz?: Egy empirikus kutatás eredményei

The paper presents the findings of an empirical study on the use of the Hungarian kellesz♭must.FUT'. This dialectal structure has not been extensively studied in the literature. The authors who have worked on it almost always consider the effect of temporal factors only on its usage/acceptability. In this work, I argue that kellesz is not only preferred (to kell) when its perspective time is future, but there are other factors that can greatly affect its acceptability. In order to identify such factors, I examine examples collected mainly from the internet. I base my hypotheses on these findings. To prove them, I carry out a study. It consists of a production study and an interview. I conclude that the choice of the speakers (between kell and kellesz) is affected by the following factors: the evidence type (defined in the context), the certainty of the speaker, the intended/perceived politeness of the utterance, and the speaker's commitment. I argue that there are two ♭main' meaning aspects of kellesz. The use of kellesz can emphasize that the proposition is not necessary at present, but it is probable that it will be necessary in the future, or it can emphasize that the speaker is unsure of the necessity of the proposition at present because it has been inferred (uncertainty), or the speaker has second thoughts about it (delaying effect). Keywords: future-time reference, modality, politeness